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ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื”

ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ ื˜ื™ื•ืœ >

ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื”

ืคืืจืง ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื™ืจ

89 โ‚ช

ื”-6 ื‘ืื•ื’ื•ืกื˜, 1945. ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื”, ืขื™ืจ ืžืกื—ืจ ืฉื•ืงืงืช, ืžืชืขื•ืจืจืช ืœืขื•ื“ ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื›ื›ืœ ื”ื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืงื™ืฅ. ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื” ืืžื ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื” ื‘ื—ื–ื™ืชื•ืช, ืืš ื“ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžื ื‘ื ืืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื”ืชืจื—ืฉ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื–ืžืŸ ืงืฆืจ. ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืขืฉื• ืืช ื“ืจื›ื ืžืคืฆื™ืฆื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื ืืœ ืžืขืœ ืœืฉืžื™ ื”ืขื™ืจ. ืคืฆืฆืช ื”ืื˜ื•ื "ื™ืœื“ ืงื˜ืŸ" (Little Boy) ื”ื•ื˜ืœื” ืžืžืคืฆื™ืฅ ื”"ืื ื•ืœื” ื’ื™ื™" ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ื‘ืฉืขื” 8:15 ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง. ื‘ืฉื ื™ื” ื‘ื” ืชืชืคื•ืฆืฅ ืžืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืจืคืื” ื‘ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื™ืจ ืชืฉืชื ื” ื”ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืœื‘ืœื™ ื”ื™ื›ืจ, ื•ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืชืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื”.

ื‘ืงืฆืจื”

  • ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืฉืœืคื ื™ื›ื ืžืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืื™ ื”ื™ืคื ื™ ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื•ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ - ื”ื•ื ืฉื•.โ€‹ ืžืกืณ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ื ืงื•ื‘ ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืžื™ ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืžืœืื™ื, ืœื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื™ืžื™ ื”ื ื—ื™ืชื” ื•ื”ื”ืžืจืื”.

โ€‹

  • ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ื™ืคืŸ ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื”ื ื•ื—ืชื™ื ื•ื”ืžืžืจื™ืื™ื ืžื˜ื•ืงื™ื•, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื›ืกื” ืืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ืคืŸ ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืงืฆื•ื‘.

โ€‹

  • ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžืชืื™ื ืœืžื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื™ืœ ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืจื›ื‘: ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช, ื—ื‘ืจื™ื, ื–ื•ื’ื•ืช ื•ืžื˜ื™ื™ืœื™ ืกื•ืœื•.

โ€‹

  • ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ืžืชืื™ื ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื‘ื›ืœ ืชืงื•ืคื” ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืฉื ื”.โ€‹

โ€‹

  • ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื ืชืคืจ ื‘ื‘ืกื™ืกื• ื›ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช, ื•ื›ืš ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืžืœื™ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืืœื™ื•. ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื•ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืœื‘ ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืจื›ื‘ ืฉื›ื•ืจ ื‘ื—ืœืงื™ื ืžืžื ื• - ื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฆื• ืื™ืชื ื• ืขืœ ื›ืš.

ืžื” ื‘ืžื“ืจื™ืš? 

ื”ืกื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืื ืงื“ื•ื˜ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื•ืช

ืฉื™ืขืฉื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ืฉืœื›ื ื•ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื• ืื•ืชื• ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ืจืฆืฃ ื—ื•ื•ื™ืชื™ ืจื—ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ืš ืฉื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื”ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืชืจื’ื™ืฉื• ืฉืขื‘ืจืชื ืžืกืข ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™.

ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืžื™ื™ื

ื‘ื”ื ืืชืจื™ื ื•ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ื—ืจื ื• ื‘ืคื™ื ืฆื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืœื ืชืคืกืคืกื• ื›ืœื•ื, ื•ื”ื›ืœ ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ื•ืžืื•ืจื’ืŸ ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื™ื ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื ืฉื›ื™ืฃ, ืงืœ ื•ื ืขื™ื ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื”ื.

ืกื˜ ืžืคื•ืช ืื™ื ื˜ืจืืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช

ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืชื›ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืืชืจื™ื ื•ื™ืงื— ืืชื›ื ืœืžืกืขื“ื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื›ืœ ืื–ื•ืจ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ - ื ืฆืจืฃ ืœื›ื ืžืื’ืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ ืœืชืงื•ืคืช ืคืจื™ื—ืช ื”ื“ื•ื‘ื“ื‘ืŸ, ืฉืœื›ืช ื”ืกืชื™ื•, ืœื™ืžื™ื ื’ืฉื•ืžื™ื ืื• ืกืชื ืœื”ืจืคืชืงื” ื‘ื˜ื‘ืข.

ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ื”ืชื ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช

ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ืช, ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ืคื ื™ืช ืœืžืขื‘ืจ ื—ืœืง ื•ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืขืจื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื, ื‘ืœื™ ื”ืกืชื‘ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืœืœื›ืช ืœืื™ื‘ื•ื“. 

ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื ื”ืœืชื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘

ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ืœืื–ื•ืจื™ ืœื™ื ื”, ื”ื•ืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื” ื•ื˜ื‘ืœืช ื ืกื™ืขื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ืช - ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืจื™ื˜ื™ ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืžืกื•ื“ืจ ืœืฉืœื™ืคื” ืžื”ื™ืจื” ื•ื ื•ื—ื”.

ื˜ื™ืคื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช

ื™ืฆื•ืจืคื• ืœื›ืœ ืžืกืœื•ืœ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชืขื‘ื™ืจื• ืืช ื”ื™ื•ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื—ืœืงื” ื•ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช. ืื™ืœื• ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ืจื›ื‘ื•ืช ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ? ืื™ืคื” ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืงื ื™ื•ืช? ื•ืžื” ื›ื“ืื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉืขื•ืช ื”ืขืจื‘?

ื•ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื• ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืื™ืชื ื•

ืื™ื–ื” ื›ื™ืฃ! ืงื‘ืœื• ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืขื•ื“ ืฉืชื™ ื”ื˜ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ืœื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ (ืชืงืฃ ืœืจื•ื›ืฉื™ื ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ 7 ื™ืžื™ื ื•ืžืขืœื”).

ื”ื ื—ื” ืœืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืื™ืฉื™

ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืฅ ืงืฆืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืขื•ืžืง? ืงื‘ืœื• ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื”ื ื—ื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืฉืœ 25% ื•ืงื‘ืขื• ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืขื” ื•ื—ืฆื™ ื‘ื• ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืคืŸ. ืœืคืจื˜ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื”ื™ื›ื ืกื• ืœื›ืืŸ.

ื’ื™ืฉื” ื—ื™ื ืžื™ืช ืœื•ื•ื‘ื™ื ืจ ืดื–ืžืŸ ื™ืคืŸืด

ืกืฉืŸ ื‘ืŸ ืฉืขืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ื ื’ืขื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื˜ื‘ ืžื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ื™ืคืŸ: ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื˜ื™ื•ืœ, ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืฉืคื”, ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ื”ืชื ื™ื™ื“ื•ืช, ืฉื™ืœื•ื— ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื”, ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืกื•ืจ ืœืคืกืคืก, ื•ืขื•ื“..

ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื”
ืคืืจืง ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื™ืจ
89 โ‚ช

ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ

ื‘ืžืกืœื•ืœื ื• ื‘ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื™ืคื” ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ืฉืชื™ ืคื ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื™ืจ: ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื ืชื—ืงื” ืื—ืจ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื’ื•ืจืœื™, ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืงื” ืฉืกื•ืคื” ื”ื˜ืจืื’ื™ ืžื•ื›ืจ ืœื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื˜ื‘. ื ืกืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชืจื—ืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืœื”ื˜ืœืช ื”ืื˜ื•ื ื•ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืชื” ืขืœ ื™ืคืŸ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ื•ื ืจืื” ื‘ืžื• ืขื™ื ื™ื ื• ืฉืจื™ื“ื™ื ืœืื•ืชื” ืžืชืงืคื” ืžืฆืขืจืช. ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื™ื ืขื™ืจ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœืขื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ - ื•ื“ืจื›ื” ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืชื™ื ื• ื›ื‘ื ื™-ืื“ื ื‘ืฉืขืชื ื• ื”ืืคืœื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.


ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื ืขื™ืจ ืฉืœ ืชืงื•ื•ื”, ืกืžืœ ืœืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืฉืœื•ื ืขื•ืœืžื™ ื•ืขื™ืจ ืžืฉื•ืงืžืช, ื—ื™ื” ื•ืชื•ืกืกืช. ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืกืœื•ืœ ื™ื‘ืงืฉ ืœื”ื•ื›ื™ื— ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื–ืืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืชื›ื ื“ืจืš ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื•ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืงื ื™ื•ืช ืกื•ืื ื™ื, ืžืขื“ื ื™ื ืงื•ืœื™ื ืจื™ื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื, ื˜ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื’ื ื™ื ื™ืคื ื™ื ื•ื”ืจืคืชืงื•ืช ืœื™ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืจื‘ืขื™ ืฉืขืฉื•ืขื™ื ืขืžื•ืกื™ ื ื™ืื•ืŸ.

ืžื’ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช

โœ“ ื—ื–ื• ื‘ืžื• ืขื™ื ื™ื›ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื˜ืœื” ืคืฆืฆืช ื”ืื˜ื•ื ืขืœ ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื”, ื•ื‘ืงืจื• ื‘ืคืืจืง ื”ืฉืœื•ื, ื‘ื• ืื ื“ืจื˜ืช ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžืช ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ื–ื™ืื•ืŸ ื”ืฉืœื•ื.


โœ“ ื˜ืขืžื• ืžื”ืžืขื“ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ืฉืœ ืžื—ื•ื– ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื” - ื”ืื•ืงื•ื ื•ืžื™ืืงื™ - ื•ืขื–ืจื• ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ืื ื”ื•ื ื˜ืขื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื• ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื–ื” ืฉืœ ืื•ืกืงื”.


โœ“ ื‘ืงืจื• ื‘ื˜ื™ืจืช ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื” ื•ื‘ื’ื ื™ื ื”ื™ืคื ื™ื™ื ื”ืžืคื•ืจืกืžื™ื ื”ืกืžื•ื›ื™ื, ืžืคื’ืŸ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ.


โœ“ ืฆืื• ืœื”ืจืคืชืงื” ืœื™ืœื™ืช ื‘ืขื™ืจ, ื•ื’ืœื• ืืช ืฆื“ื” ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ ื•ื”ืฆื‘ืขื•ื ื™.

ืื ื—ื ื• ื”ืชื—ื“ืฉื ื•, ื•ืืชื ื ื”ื ื™ื :)

ืœืจื’ืœ ื”ืฉืงืช ื”ืืชืจ ื•ืœื–ืžืŸ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœ ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ื ื•ืช ืžื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ืจื™ื›ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
ืฉื•ื•ื”, ืœื?
ื”ื™ืจื•ืฉื™ืžื”
ืคืืจืง ื”ืฉืœื•ื ื•ืžืจื›ื– ื”ืขื™ืจ
89 โ‚ช
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